A prolactin test measures the levels of prolactin in your blood. Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain. This hormone plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, especially in reproductive health.

Why is the Prolactin Test Done?

The prolactin test is commonly ordered for several reasons, including:

• High prolactin levels can interfere with ovulation in women and sperm production in men; leading to infertility.
• Irregular or absent menstrual periods may be linked to abnormal prolactin levels.
• Unusual milk production in women who are not breastfeeding or in men.
• Checking for pituitary disorders, including other hormone imbalances.

Preparing for the Test

Preparation for a prolactin test is generally straightforward:

• Timing: The test is usually done in the morning, as prolactin levels fluctuate throughout the day and are highest during sleep.
• Avoid Stress and Physical Activity: These can temporarily increase prolactin levels, so it's best to rest before the test.

The Procedure

The prolactin test is a simple blood test:

1. Blood Sample Collection: A healthcare professional will draw blood from a vein, usually in your arm.
2. Laboratory Analysis: The sample is sent to a lab to measure the prolactin levels.
3. Results: Your doctor will discuss the results with you, usually within a few days.

Understanding the Results

• Normal Range: Prolactin levels vary, but a typical range is 5-25 ng/mL for non-pregnant women and less than 15 ng/mL for men.
• High Levels (Hyperprolactinemia): May indicate prolactinoma, hypothyroidism, kidney disease, or other conditions.
• Low Levels: Rare, but can be associated with hypopituitarism.

Follow-Up

If your prolactin levels are abnormal, your doctor may recommend further testing or treatment. This could include other imaging studies or medication to regulate hormone levels.

Conclusion

The prolactin test is a valuable diagnostic tool in understanding and managing various health conditions, particularly those related to reproductive health and pituitary function. If your doctor recommends a prolactin test, it's an essential step towards identifying and addressing potential health issues.